The HI783 Marine Magnesium Checker HC is a handheld colorimeter that uses the Beer- Lambert principle to determine the concentration of magnesium colorimetrically. The HI783 is designed specifically to measure magnesium levels in a saltwater aquarium or in marine biology applications. The 1000 to 1800 ppm range is ideal for coral/fish or fish-only aquarium maintenance.
Ideal for aquariums and marine biology
Easier to use and more accurate than chemical test kits
Small size, big convenience
Magnesium is the third most abundant ion in seawater, surpassed only by sodium and chloride. Its abundance is critical in the formation of weak ion pairs with carbonate ions. This allows calcium and carbonate ions to be available for uptake by corals and invertebrates. Low levels of magnesium lead to low or unstable levels of calcium and alkalinity. Signs of low magnesium levels include precipitation of calcium as insoluble calcium carbonate and impaired inhabitant growth and health.
SKU
HI783
Name
Marine Magnesium Checker HC Handheld Colorimeter – HI783
Range
1000 to 1800 ppm Magnesium
Resolution
5 ppm
Accuracy
?5% of reading @ 25 ?C (77 ?F)
Light source
Light Emitting Diode @ 610 nm
Light detector
Silicon photocell
Method
Adaptation of the colorimetric EDTA method using calmagite indicator. The reaction between magnesium and the reagents causes a blue to violet tint in the sample.
Environment
0 to 50 ?C (32 to 122 ?F); max. 95% RH non-condensing Prepared sample cuvette (sample plus reagents) must be 18 to 28 ?C (64 to 82 ?F).
Battery type
1.5V AAA Alkaline
Auto shut-off
After 10 minutes of non-use
Dimensions
86.0 x 61.0 x 37.5 mm (3.4 x 2.4 x 1.5”)
Weight
64 g (2.3 oz)
Interferences
Calcium below 300 ppm and above 500 ppm
Product information "HI781 Marine Nitrate (LR) Handheld Checker (25 tests)"
Nitrate is a by-product of the Nitrogen cycle. Excessive amounts of Nitrates in a reef aquarium can promote the growth of undesirable organisms including algae and dinoflagellates while insufficient amounts can lead to starvation in which SPS and other corals will show signs including the loss of color and paleness.The HI781 Nitrate Checker HC is a handheld colorimeter that uses the Beer-Lambert principle to determine the concentration of nitrate colorimetrically. The HI781 is designed specifically to measure low levels of nitrate in a saltwater aquarium. The 0.00 to 5.00 range is ideal for reef aquarium maintenance.
Ideal for aquariums and marine biology
Easier to use and more accurate than chemical test kits
Small size, big convenience
SPECIFICATIONS
HI781
Range
0.00 to 5.00 ppm (mg/L) NO?-
Resolution
0.01 ppm
Accuracy @ 25°C/77°F
±0.25 ppm ±2% of reading
Light Source
LED @ 525 nm
Light Detector
silicon photocell
Method
zinc reduction method
Auto-off
after ten minutes of non-use
Environment
0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); RH max 95% non-condensing
Battery Type
(1) 1.5V AAA
Ordering Information
HI781 Checker HC is supplied with sample cuvettes with caps (2), nitrate reagent starter kit (reagents for 25 tests), filter holder, 10 mL syringe, 5 mL syringe with tip, mixing vial with cap, battery, and instructions.
Accessories
HI781-25 Reagent set for 25 tests
HI781-11 Calibration set
Product information "HI772 Marine Alkalinity (dKH) Checker® HC"
Ideal for
Salt water aquariums
Coral reef tanks
Water quality
Main Benefits
Testing is quick and easy
High precision results - more accurate than chemical test kits
Auto shut-off feature means the Checker cannot be left on by mistake
Fully portable, fitting easily into both palm and pocket
Four steps, one click instant readout
Zero the Checker
Add reagent
Insert sample into Checker
Press button for results
Get accurate results for your saltwater aquarium with our simple handheld colorimeter.
Our alkalinity colorimeter bridges the gap between alkalinity test kits and advanced instrumentation. Standard test kits have limited accuracy since they rely upon the human eye to match colors. Our handheld colorimeter eliminates the hassle of matching to a color chart by providing a direct saltwater alkalinity result in dKH units.
Stock up on reagents! This checker includes a starter kit for 25 tests.
Our handheld colorimeter is portable and fits right in your pocket.
Simple, one-button operation makes getting your alkalinity results easy.
Improve your testing routine and upgrade from your standard test kit
Details
The HI772 Checker®HC (Handheld Colorimeter) provides a simple, accurate, and cost-effective way to measure alkalinity in degrees of carbonate hardness, commonly abbreviated as dKH. Critical to marine environments, alkalinity not only provides the carbonate ion required for calcium carbonate skeletal regeneration of coral reefs, but it also acts as a pH buffer against large changes in acidity. Designed as a more accurate alternative to chemical test kits, the HI772 provides quick, accurate results in a few easy steps.
Features at-a-glance:
Easier to use and more accurate than chemical test kits
Dedicated to a single parameter
Small size, big convenience
Ideal for: Aquaculture & Aquariums, Water Quality
Specifications
Range
0.0 to 20.0 dKH
Resolution
0.1 dKH
Accuracy @ 25°C/77°F
±0.3 dKH ±5% of reading
Light Source
LED @ 610 nm
Light Detector
silicon photocell
Method
colorimetric method
Environment
0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); RH max 95% non-condensing
Battery Type
(1) 1.5V AAA
Auto-off
after ten minutes of non-use
Dimensions
86.0 mm x 61.0 mm x 37.5 mm (3.4" x 2.4" x 1.5")
Weight
64 g (2.25 oz.)
Ordering Information
HI772 Checker® is supplied with (2) sample cuvettes with caps, alkalinity reagent starter kit for 25 tests (1 bottle of alkalinity reagent), (1) 1 ml syringe and tip, battery, instructions, and quick start guide.
Warranty
1 year limited warranty
Product information "HI758 Marine Calcium Checker® HC"
Always get accurate results for your saltwater aquarium with our handheld colorimeter.
Our saltwater calcium colorimeter fills the gap between calcium test kits and advanced instrumentation. Standard test kits have limited accuracy as they depend on the human eye to determine colors. Our handheld colorimeter eliminates the trouble of matching to a color chart by providing a direct saltwater calcium result in ppm CaCO3.
Our portable handheld colorimeter goes where you go.
Achieve your calcium results easily with simple, one-button design.
Quickly get your results without any hassle.
Details
The HI758U Checker® HC (Handheld Colorimeter) provides a simple, accurate and cost-effective way to measure calcium. Required for the development of calcium carbonate skeletons of coral reefs, calcium is a crucial component of marine waters. Designed as a more accurate alternative to chemical test kits, the HI758U provides quick, accurate results in a few easy steps.
Features at-a-glance:
Easier to use and more accurate than chemical test kits
Dedicated to a single parameter
Small size, big convenience
Ideal for: Aquaculture, Water Quality, Environmental, Education
The HI758U Marine Calcium Checker HC® uses a 100 to 1 dilution for analysis and thus requires deionized or distilled water absent of calcium to function correctly. Calcium can be found in many freshwater sources and this any amount present in the water used at the C1 phase can cause false high readings. In addition, many hobby grade reverse osmosis deionized water systems may not adequately remove calcium. This can vary based on the types of filters used, their effectiveness and frequency of replacement. We recommend using deionized water with low conductivity or pure vapor distilled water commonly found in most pharmacies.
Never use tap water to clean your cuvettes. This is especially important for the HI758U Marine Calcium Checker as calcium is commonly present in tap water and residual amounts present in the cuvette will elevate results produced by the Checker. Our HI98703-50 Cuvette Cleaning Solution ensures the glass cuvette used for colorimetric measurements remains clean and free from imperfections.
Calcium Checker Troubleshooting Tips
Never rinse your cuvettes with tap water or saltwater
Use pure vapor distilled water from your local pharmacy at C1 phase. RODI water from home filtration units may not be suitable for this test as calcium can easily permeate through your filter membranes.
Clean your cuvettes with distilled or deionized water absent of Calcium that is going to be used for C1 phase dilution.
Measure out 9 ml of distilled or deionized water for C1 phase
Make sure no excess aquarium sample saltwater is on the tip of the pipette. Only administer the saltwater that is sucked into the pipette tip.
Specifications
Range
200 to 600 ppm
Resolution
1 ppm
Accuracy @ 25°C/77°F
±6% of reading
Light Source
LED @ 610 nm
Light Detector
silicon photocell
Method
adaptation of the Zincon method
Environment
0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); RH max 95% non-condensing
Battery Type
(1) 1.5V AAA
Auto-off
after ten minutes of non-use
Dimensions
81.5mm x 61mm x 37.5mm (3.2" x 2.4" x 1.5”)
Weight
64 g (2.25 oz.)
Ordering Information
HI758 Calcium Checker is supplied with (2) sample cuvettes with caps, calcium reagent starter kit for 25 tests, dropper,1 ml syringe with tip, 100 microliter pipette with tip, plastic pipette, battery, instructions and quick start guide.
Warranty
1 year limited warranty
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Red Sea Ammonia Marine Test Marine Kit is an advanced colorimetric test measuring the total ammonia (NH3/NH4) in marine aquariums to an accuracy of 0.2 ppm.
Red Sea Ammonia Marine Test Kit simple to use test kit is essential during the initial stage of the biological maturation of all marine and reef aquariums.
Red Sea Ammonia MarineTest Kit Includes 100 tests.
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Control two ReefRun pumps with a single controller!
Integrates with Red Sea's ReefBeat app
Compatible with ReefRun return & skimmer pumps
Customize feed, maintenance, and emergency modes
The ReefRun Dual DC Pump Controller is needed to operate Red Sea's ReefRun line of pumps. Each controller can support two ReefRun pumps, meaning that you can run a dual ReefRun return system or ReefRun pump + ReefRun skimmer pump without purchasing a second controller. A big cost savings if you're running or plan to run two of these pumps.
Multiple Modes:Constant Flow: Perfect for a return pump where you want a steady flow rate 24/7Feed Mode: Easily turn the pump down or off completely when you want to feed your tank inhabitantsWave Maker: Schedule varied flow throughout the day for closed loop systemsCustom: Create your own flow pattern to best meet your needs
Compatible Pumps:
ReefRun 5500 (530 - 1450 GPH)ReefRun 7000 (800 - 1900 GPH)ReefRun 9000 (1000 - 2500 GPH)ReefRun Skimmer Pumps
What's in the Box
ReefRun Dual DC Pump ControllerMounting Bracket
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Reliable, Controllable, and ReefBeat app ready!
Integrates with Red Sea's ReefBeat app
Run-dry & disconnection notifications
Customized feed, maintenance, and emergency modes
Quiet & energy-efficient
5-year warranty
Based on the wildly successful and reliable Sicce platform, the Red Sea ReefRun pumps feature a familiar look and feel, but with some big upgrades. In addition to being able to set the daily flow schedule and activate feed modes, you'll also get notifications if your pump is running dry, disconnects, or is otherwise malfunctioning, allowing you to quickly fix the problem and get everything back up and running without missing a beat. The ReefRun Controller (sold separately) can run two ReefRun pumps, meaning that you can run a dual ReefRun return system or ReefRun pump + ReefRun skimmer pump without purchasing a second controller.
Multiple Modes:Constant Flow: Perfect for a return pump where you want a steady flow rate 24/7Feed Mode: Easily turn the pump down or off completely when you want to feed your tank inhabitantsWave Maker: Schedule varied flow throughout the day for closed loop systemsCustom: Create your own flow pattern to best meet your needs
Specifications:
Flow Rate: 530 - 1450 GPHOutput: 5/8" - 1" Stepped Barb or Connector for 3/4" or 1" PVCMax Head Height: 11.5 ftWattage: 10-40WPower Cable Length: 10 ftPump Connection Cable Length: 3.3 ft
What's in the Box
ReefRun 5500 PumpPower SupplyConnection CablesPump output fittings
*Requires ReefRun Controller (sold separately)
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Remote control ,motor and drive separation.
Adjustable flow,AC brushless frequency conversion.energy efficient .
Wear-resistant ceramic shaft,ult-quiet,long life.
IC chip control,lack of water ,stuck protection.
Suitable for freshwater and marine use. 10 minutes pause feeding function.
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Cyclops
Cyclops (Copepods). Food suitable for all types of small and growing tropical aquarium and marine fish. Feed to your fish once or twice per day. Small multiple feedings for larger fry. Only give the amount your fish can consume within 3-5 minutes.
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RUTO - CHOPPED MUSSEL 100G is a frozen fish food product, specifically chopped mussel meat, marketed as a marine protein source for various aquarium fish and invertebrates. It's part of the Ruto Frozen Food line and comes in 100g blister packs, designed for easy feeding and storage in freezers. The product is suitable for both freshwater and saltwater aquariums.
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It offers essential fatty acids and necessary high-level proteins as part of the scientifically balanced nutrition.It contains clam extract which improves palatability, even finicky eaters will love it.Offers seaweed meal and pure-cultured spirulina to meet the nutritional requirements of plant-eating marine fishes, while providing them the nutrient sources they require to look like they just came off the reef.A unique blend of necessary nutrients that help support immune system health.Softens rapidly while triggering natural, instinctual grazing. The easily digested formula aids utilization thereby reducing waste output and helping to improve water quality with continued use.
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Our Artemia Cysts, also known as Brine Shrimp Eggs, have a hatching percentage of more than 90%. They will hatch into Artemia nauplii (baby brine shrimp) in 18 to 30 hours. Artemia nauplii are known to be the ideal live food for the first stages of many marine and freshwater tropical fish and for many invertebrates.
100% of the finest brine shrimp eggs from the Great Salt Lake!
Innovative Nitro Pack inner package assures a great hatch (> 90% hatching percentage).
Ideal for reef tanks and baby fish!
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The Bag is an innovative welded filter bag with a durable non-stitched seam. It has a 180 micron mesh, is resistant to bleach, caustics, and acids, and comes with a convenient resealable locking closure. It is available in a convenient 5" x 9.5" size. It is ideal for all filtration products and has an exceptionally long life. Unlike stitched seams, welded seams are not subject to degradation from exposure to bleach, caustics, acids, or other harsh environmental exposure likely to take place during regeneration of filter media. Caution should be excercised, however, to avoid overfilling or over-packing as welded seams can be forced to separate by excessive pulling forces. Sizes: 13 x 25.5 cm (5” x 9.5”)
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Customizable DIY Aquarium Net Cover
Keep your finny friends safe inside your tank with a customizable Red Sea Aquarium Net Cover.
With a sleek profile and minimalist hangers the Red Sea Net Cover blends in seamlessly even on ultra-clear, rimless, open-top aquariums.
The extra strong aluminum frame and purpose designed components allow the extra thin transparent net cover to be customized to accommodate rim-mounted equipment such as lighting arms, auto-feeders and overflow boxes.
Check out our how-to video that shows exactly how to assemble Red Sea’s fish saver, step-by-step. Keep in mind that this is a Do-it-Yourself cover, and while it offers versatility and customizability at a fraction of the cost of custom-built covers, it does require proper DIY skills including planning, taking exact measurements and cutting aluminum profiles. So if you aren’t a DIY project kind of hobbyist, you can always ask your local dealer or a handy friend to help.
Designed specifically for rimless tanks the Red Sea cover also works well with braced tanks such as the MAX® S-series.
Main Features:
Suitable for most open-top aquariums
Extra strong, customized aluminum profiles
8mm (5/16″) thin strand, transparent netting
Inside-rim or on-rim mounting options
Includes components for one customized cut-out for filters
Components available to accommodate additional rim-mounted equipment
Includes spline roller
Contents of DIY Aquarium Net Cover Kit:
Aluminum frame sections/profiles
Internal and external frame corners
Spacers and hangers
8mm (5/16″) netting, which can be cut to size
Spline rubber for attaching the net to the frame
Spline roller for inserting the spline
Example of Red Sea REEFER™ 350 Deluxe with cutouts for overflow and LED lights
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Flatworm eXit itself is quite safe to fish and invertebrates.However, the body fluids of flatworms can be toxic to some reef inhabitants when present in a too high concentration. This body fluid is sometimes excreted when flatworms die.So when you use this product it is important to do the following first:1] Siphon out as many flatworms as possible.2] Keep sufficient fresh activated carbon in a canister ready.3] Turn off UV, ozone and remove activated carbon. Keep the skimmer turned on.Important remarksBelow given remarks are a.o. meant to reduce the amount of the flatworm’s toxic body fluids in the water.Many people have treated their reef tank(s) successfully using Flatworm eXit without any problems. The most important factors are reducing the number of flatworms before commencing with the treatment and reducing the amount of the flatworm’s body fluids, released when they die, as fast as possible.Do not underestimate the number of flatworms in your system. In a few cases a significant number of flatworms can be hiding in for example crevices. Blow in such and any other potential hiding places water to blow any flatworm out of there. For that purpose you can use a powerhead or a turkey baster. Siphon out those flatworms as well.Furthermore do not underestimate the amount of toxic body fluids these flatworms can excrete. This can be reduced significantly by really siphoning out the flatworms before commencing with the treatment. Further significant reduction is accomplished by siphoning out as many dead flatworms as you can.Any body fluids released by the dead flatworms in the water has to be reduced further by using about 1 pound of fresh high quality carbon for every 50 gallons. The carbon has to be used in a canister with a sufficient forced water flow.Take sufficient time for treating the tank. That is, do not treat your tank in a hurry. Also take time to monitor your tank for at least 6 hours after the treatment.It is also wise to have at least 25% water ready for a water change if required.Dosage:Read all the above text before commencing with the treatment!- 1 drop for every 4 liters or 1 gallon.The dropper contains approx. 300 drops (10 ml). The dropper cap holds approx. 90 drops.So 1 cap full is good for 360 liters or 90 gallons.Add it in a high flow area of the tank. If you want to treat a refugium only and if it’s volume is too small for using a powerhead then mixing should be done manually.- It should start to work within 30 minutes.- If within 45 minutes no visible death of flatworms occurs add 50% more.- As soon as the flatworms start to die commence with the activated carbon to take out any toxic body fluids. Also see the above given important remarks.- After an hour or so you can turn any UV or ozone on again.Keep out of the reach of children! Only for aquarium hobby use.
High quality aragonitic calcium carbonate in a small rubble size, perfect for your fragging projects, a jawfish or firefish habitat, creating a cryptic zone or, on the freshwater side; use it as a pond filter media or for your African Cichlids. The only limits for it's use are your imagination! Enjoy the perfect refugium and so much more with Rubble Zone
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Replenishment of a number of trace elements is required to maintain an environment ideal for the growth and reproduction of marine life, but while the importance of trace elements has been recognized by aquarists for many years, the physiological reasons are not fully understood. The chemical elements in seawater are varied, and, likewise their addition to the aquarium in trace quantities has varied effects on a variety of saltwater plant and invertebrate species. In general, though, these elements are important for metabolic processes and pigment formation. Addition of iron, for instance, has been shown to benefit coloring and growth for corals, anenomes, and other photosynthetic animals.
Reef Trace supplies a broad range of trace elements demonstrated to be necessary for proper reef health and growth. Trace elements are normally depleted by utilization, oxidation and precipitation. The latter two processes occur more rapidly than with other micronutrients. This makes it important to restore trace elements on a regular basis. Reef Trace may be used alone or in conjunction with Reef Plus. Best results are obtained when both are used. Reef Trace is nitrate/phosphate free.
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Reef Plus is a full spectrum reef supplement containing trace elements, vitamins, and amino acids demonstrated to have a positive impact on the growth of corals and other desirable reef creatures. Reef Plus is formulated to provide nutrients available from natural tropical reef waters. Contains vitamin B12, vitamin C, thiamine, inositol, choline, iodide, and other essential constituents. Reef Plus is nitrate/phosphate free.
Other manufacturers vitamin supplements are incomplete, containing only vitamins and trace minerals. Reef Plus contains necessary amino acids in addition to a full complement of trace minerals and high amounts of vitamin C and B complex vitamins. It is so concentrated that it can be effectively used as a food soak for frozen fish foods.
Replenishment of a number of trace elements is required to maintain an environment ideal for the growth and reproduction of marine life, but while the importance of trace elements has been recognized by aquarists for many years, the physiological reasons are not fully understood. The chemical elements in seawater are varied, and, likewise their addition to the aquarium in trace quantities has varied effects on a variety of saltwater plant and invertebrate species. In general, though, these elements are important for metabolic processes and pigment formation. Addition of iron, for instance, has been shown to benefit coloring and growth for corals, anemones, and other photosynthetic animals.
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FOUNDATION ABC+ Foundation and trace element supplement for balanced formation of coral skeletonSKELETAL ELEMENTS is a blend of all of the corals foundation elements of coral skeletons: Calcium, magnesium, strontium & carbonate, with the addition of potassium, bromine and iodine in the unique ratio required by corals.
All of these elements need to be available in balanced proportions for positive coral health and growth.
Red Sea’s SKELETAL ELEMENTS is a uniquely formulated powder supplement containing all of the elements of Foundation A, B & C, plus Red Sea’s Coral Colors A & B (potassium, boron, iodine & bromine) formulated in the exact ratio as found in the coral skeleton.
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Safe Introduction of New Corals
DipX is a highly effective dip for safely introducing new corals and live rocks to your aquarium.
A simple 15-minute bath in DipX before placing a new coral in the aquarium will drive away unwanted “hitchhikers”, thereby maintaining the safety of your reef.
New corals often come with unwanted “hitchhikers” hidden deep inside the corals’ crevices. These various tiny creatures are usually invisible to the naked eye, and once in the aquarium, they can migrate to other corals and damage your delicate reef eco-system.
Over the years, reef hobbyists have used generic baths solutions such as fresh water, Iodine, and even household disinfectants, all of which repel some of the hitchhikers, but not all of them.
For the past few years, we have been cultivating tanks with infested corals and comparing a wide range of commercially available dips and other repelling ingredients, examining both their effectiveness and their overall safety for the corals.
The result is DipX – a unique blend of essential oils, without inorganic disinfectants. Our tests have shown that DipX is completely safe for all kinds of corals and more effective than any other solution we tested.
Corals that were bathed in DipX still repelled unwanted “hitchhikers”, even though they were previously dipped in other solutions On the other hand, corals that were dipped in other solutions after they were bathed in DipX did not repel anything.
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Refractometer for measuring salinity of seawater for reef aquariums
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Calibrated to measure absolute salinity of seawater, not brine (NaCl)
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High resolution display focuses on the range relevant for reef aquariums
Maintain proper salinity level with greater precision and convenience. Red Sea Seawater Refractometer is designed specifically to measure the absolute salinity of seawater, not brine (NaCl) for true readings essential for reef aquariums housing sensitive corals. High-resolution dual scale display (salinity in ppt and specific gravity) focuses on the range relevant for reef aquariums, eliminating confusing extraneous graduations. Dual scale range of 20-40 PPT/77°F and 1.010-1.030 S.G.
Red Sea Seawater Refractometer has been calibrated for the specific ionic content of seawater according to the most advanced international laboratory standards for practical salinity measurements. High accuracy seawater refractometer features Automatic Temperature Compensation for exceptional accuracy measuring the absolute salinity of seawater at a temperature of 25°C/77°F.
Main Features
Directly reads the absolute salinity of seawater at 25°C/77°F (no need for seawater or temperature compensation factors).
Specifically designed for the ionic content of seawater (NSW) for more accurate salinity measurement (industry standard refractometers are calibrated for salt brine).
Calibrated for seawater (NSW) at 25°C/77°F, the normal temperature range for reef aquariums (most standard refractometers are calibrated at 15°C/59°F).
Easier to read, higher resolution display, focused to the relevant range for reef aquariums of up to 40ppt.
Includes Integrated Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) for accurate measurement at standard ambient temperature.
Did You Know?Measuring the salinity of seawater with a refractometer calibrated for brine (NaCl) solution will result in a deviation of up to 1.5 ppt!
Directions for use
Clean the glass prism and translucent flap of the refractometer with deionized (DI) water at 22-25°C and dry thoroughly with a soft cloth.
Hold the refractometer horizontally and open the flap.
Using the pipette provided, place a small sample of the seawater to be tested on the glass prism. Do not immerse the refractometer into the seawater.
Close the flap on the sample and wait for 15 seconds to allow for the temperature of the sample and the refractometer to equalize.
Point the prism end of the refractometer to a light source and look through the eyepiece. (Note: The refractive index is also dependent on the wavelength of the light source and therefore a light source close to daylight should be used.)
The top of the screen will be blue and the bottom will be clear/white. The dividing line between the blue and white sections is where the reading should be taken.
Adjust the focus for your individual eyesight by rotating the eyepiece until a sharp picture is achieved.
Read the seawater salinity in ppt and/or the equivalent specific gravity (S.G.) at 25°C.
Clean the glass prism and translucent flap of the refractometer with DI water and dry thoroughly with a soft cloth.
CalibrationAlignment should always be carried out with the instrument at 22-25°C. Allow the refractometer to stand at this temperature for 30 minutes before alignment.
Remove the cover from the alignment screw.
Place a sample of DI water on the glass prism and check the salinity reading as directed above.
If the reading is not exactly on the zero ppt mark on the scale, adjust the position of the reading by rotating the alignment screw with the screwdriver provided until the reading is zero ppt.
Replace the cover from the alignment screw.
StorageTo prevent the formation of condensation inside the refractometer, store in a dry environment.
General InformationRefractometers are optical instruments that measure the refractive index of a solution, which will vary according to its ionic composition, concentration and temperature. For accurate results, refractometers must be calibrated for the specific solution to be tested and in the correct temperature range.
Red Sea's Seawater Refractometer has been calibrated for the specific ionic content of seawater according to the most advanced international laboratory standards for practical salinity measurements. Measuring the salinity of seawater with a refractometer calibrated for brine (NaCl) solution will result in a deviation of up to 1.5 ppt.
Red Sea's Seawater Refractometer includes automatic temperature compensation. However, to avoid compensation errors, it has been calibrated at 25°C, the normal temperature range for reef aquariums. Both the ambient temperature and the water sample temperature will influence the refractive index and therefore it is recommended to use the refractometer in environments where the ambient temperature and the water to be tested are between 15-35°C.
Over time, the optical elements inside refractometers can become misaligned. Therefore, before first use and thereafter on a regular basis, the alignment of a refractometer should be checked and adjusted as necessary.
Red Sea's Refractometer DisplayThe PPT scale on Red Sea's Seawater refractometer is calculated using an algorithm for seawater and therefore will give a reading of the Absolute Salinity of seawater.
The PPT scale on regular salinity refractometers are calculated using an algorithm for Brine. Using a Brine refractometer for Seawater will give an error of approximately 1.5ppt in the salinity reading.
About SalinitySalinity is a general term describing the concentration of salt in water. However, solutions of different type of salts have different refractive indexes. Brine is a solution of Sodium Chloride (table salt) that contains 2 chemical elements. Seawater contains approximately 70 chemical elements that include Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium etc. in addition to the Sodium Chloride. Seawater and Brine of the same salinity (i.e. the same weight of salt/liter) have different refractive indexes and will give different salinity readings if measured on the same refractometer.
Refraction & Refractive IndexAll transparent materials such as liquids refract (distort) light. All transparent materials refract light differently and have what is called a "refractive index" which means how much a particular material distorts light. Different concentrations of the same liquid have different refractive indexes. The scale of a refractometer is calculated by using a mathematical algorithm that relates the measured refraction to its concentration for a specific liquid.
Refractive Index and TemperatureThe refractive index of liquids change with temperature and therefore has a major effect on measuring salinity with a refractometer. The algorithm for defining the PPT (and S.G.) scale for a refractometer is calculated for a specific temperature.
PPT readings from refractometers that are not calibrated for reef aquariums (i.e. 25°C) need to be adjusted according to a conversion table to give the actual PPT at the aquarium temperature. This is often a cause for misinterpretation of refractometer readings.
For example, using a seawater refractometer calibrated at 20°C will give a PPT reading that is approximately 1-1.5ppt lower than the absolute salinity of the same water sample at the normal aquarium temperature of 25°C.
Therefore, Red Sea's Seawater Refractometer calibrated at 25°C/77°F directly reads the absolute salinity of seawater with no need for temperature compensation factor)
ATC - Automatic Temperature CompensationTemperature is probably the biggest cause of wrong readings with a refractometer. Calibration and testing of water samples should be done after the refractometer and water sample have equalized at the correct temperature.
Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) compensates for a few degrees of difference between the ambient temperature and the calibrated temperature of the refractometer. Larger temperature variations will give an error of approximately 1.0ppt in the salinity reading.
NOTE: ATC does not adjust the PPT reading of a refractometer to the temperature of the aquarium.
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Red Sea Coral Color D is a complex of 18 trace elements. These 18 elements (out of all the trace elements in NSW) participate in the metabolic processes inside a coral’s skeleton and soft tissue. D elements are related to the blue/purple chroma-proteins.Weekly dosing - Soft CoralsTest the Color Elements every week and dose each supplement to replenish back to the optimal levels.Daily dosing - SPS coralsEnsure that all of the Color Elements are at optimal values and run the aquarium for4 days at a stable salinity (compensate for evaporation daily) without adding anysupplements. At the end of the 4 days test the Color Elements and calculate the “4 day dosage” of each supplement to replenish back to the optimal levels. Add the “4 day dosage” to the system. Divide this “4 day dosage” by 4 and use as the daily dosage for the next week.After a week of adding the daily dosage, test the Color Elements and calculate the adjusting dosage of each supplement to replenish back to the optimal levels.
If the adjusting dosage is significantly different from the previous daily dosage amend (increase/decrease) the daily dosage as appropriate.
If the measured level of a specific element is above the optimal level wait for the excess of the element to be depleted before restarting the daily supplementation with the amended daily dosage.
Continue testing all of the elements every week and make adjustments to the dailydosages as required. As your corals grow or you add or remove livestock the uptake of the elements in your aquarium will gradually change. It is recommended to keep a log book of the weekly measurements and dosages.If you miss one or more days of supplementing add the complete amount that you have missed but do not exceed the maximum recommended daily increase for any of the elements.
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